Trip generation
Land use is a primary driver in the overall travel demand of a transportation system. The distribution of homes, jobs, and services across urban space governs where trips originate and end.
The Trip Generation model calculates the number of trips produced and attracted to every part of the city based on production factors per zone feature for different urbanization degrees and population groups.
The model enables planners to interactively evaluate the impact of demographic and land-use changes, such as modifications to population, employment distribution, or housing density on travel demand in the city.
Controls
The model responds to the following controls:
-
Zone feature
Add or remove zone features such as housing, jobs and amenities as defined in the
demand_generation_factorscollection. -
Feature definition
Define a new feature in the
demand_generation_factorscollection, such that it can be used by the zone features control.
Controls are defined in the controltype collection located in the main bin, the default set consists of:
| ICON | JSON | NAME | OBJECT_ID | OBJECT_TYPE |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| zone-features | [{"name":"FEATURE_TYPE","type":"text","label":"Feature type","default":"","validate":""},{"name":"FEATURE_VALUE","type":"text","label":"Feature value","default":"","validate":""}] | Zone features | 1 | zone |
| global-control | [[{"name":"FEATURE_TYPE","type":"text","label":"Feature type","default":"","validate":""},{"name":"FEATURE_TYPE_ID","type":"number","label":"Feature type id","default":"","validate":""},{"name":"MAX_ATTRACTION_FACTOR","type":"number","label":"Max attraction factor","default":"","validate":""},{"name":"MAX_FACTOR","type":"number","label":"Max factor","default":"","validate":""},{"name":"MAX_PRODUCTION_FACTOR","type":"number","label":"Max production factor","default":"","validate":""},{"name":"MIN_ATTRACTION_FACTOR","type":"number","label":"Min attraction factor","default":"","validate":""},{"name":"MIN_FACTOR","type":"number","label":"Min factor","default":"","validate":""},{"name":"MIN_PRODUCTION_FACTOR","type":"number","label":"Min production factor","default":"","validate":""},{"name":"OBJECT_ID","type":"number","label":"Object id","default":"","validate":""},{"name":"POPULATION_GROUP_ID","type":"number","label":"Population group id","default":"","validate":""},{"name":"PURPOSE_ID","type":"number","label":"Purpose id","default":"","validate":""},{"name":"UNIT","type":"text","label":"Unit","default":"","validate":""},{"name":"URBAN_LOCATION","type":"text","label":"Urban location","default":"","validate":""},{"name":"URBANIZATION_DEGREE","type":"text","label":"Urbanization degree","default":"","validate":""}]] | Zone features | 2 | demand_generation_factors |
Parameters
Parameters are defined in the parameters key/value sets and are scenario specific.
| Parameter | Description | Default value |
|---|---|---|
| scenarioType | Determines which factor from the demand_generation_factors collection is used, either Minimum 0, Average 1 or Maximum 2 |
1 |
| purposes | Determines which purposes to calculate. When left empty, all purposes from the demand_purposes collection are used. To use a subset of purposes, enter the OBJECT_ID from the demand_purposes collection as a list. |
Data collections
Data collections from the base bin:
| Collection | Description | Bin |
|---|---|---|
| demand_generation_factors | Definition of the production and attraction factors per feature, purpose, population, urbanization degree and urban location. | scenario |
| demand_attraction | Resulting number of trips per population and purpose group attracted to each zone. | scenario |
| demand_populations | Definition of the population groups. | scenario |
| demand_production | Resulting number of trips per population and purpose group produced by each zone. | scenario |
| demand_purposes | Definition of travel purposes. | scenario |
| traf_zones | Definition of the zones in the scenario. | scenario |
| zone_features | The feature types (such as houses, job locations, amenities) per zone. | scenario |
| Field | Schema | Description | Subscription |
|---|---|---|---|
| FEATURE_TYPE | string | Description of the feature | read |
| MAX_ATTRACTION_FACTOR | double | The maximum factor for calculating the trip attraction | read |
| MAX_PRODUCTION_FACTOR | double | The maximum factor for calculating the trip production | read |
| MIN_ATTRACTION_FACTOR | double | The minimum factor for calculating the trip attraction | read |
| MIN_PRODUCTION_FACTOR | double | The minimum factor for calculating the trip production | read |
| OBJECT_ID | int32 | Unique identifier for the record | read |
| UNIT | string | Unit of measurement for the demand values in this record | read |
| URBAN_LOCATION | string | Specification of the factor for the urban location, pointing to the OBJECT_ID in the traf_zones collection |
read |
| URBANIZATION_DEGREE | string | Specification of the factor for the urbanization degree, pointing to the OBJECT_ID in the traf_zones collection |
read |
Difference between the MIN_ and MAX_ factors.
The scenarioType parameter determines if the MIN_, MAX_ or an average of the two is used for calculating the trip attraction and production.
| Field | Schema | Description | Subscription |
|---|---|---|---|
| ATTRACTION | double | The number of calculated trips attracted to the zone | write |
| POPULATION_GROUP_ID | int32 | The population group of the trips, pointing to the OBJECT_ID in the demand_populations collection |
write |
| PURPOSE_ID | int32 | The purpose for the trips, pointing to the OBJECT_ID in the demand_purposes collection |
write |
| ZONE_ID | int32 | The zone to which the trips are attracted, pointing to the OBJECT_ID in the traf_zones collection |
write |
| Field | Schema | Description | Subscription |
|---|---|---|---|
| LABEL | string | Description of the population group | read |
| OBJECT_ID | int32 | Unique identifier for the population group | read |
| Field | Schema | Description | Subscription |
|---|---|---|---|
| POPULATION_GROUP_ID | int32 | The population group of the trips, pointing to the OBJECT_ID in the demand_populations collection |
write |
| PRODUCTION | double | The number of calculated trips produced by the zone | write |
| PURPOSE_ID | int32 | The purpose for the trips, pointing to the OBJECT_ID in the demand_purposes |
write |
| ZONE_ID | int32 | The zone from which the trips are produced, pointing to the OBJECT_ID in the traf_zones collection |
write |
| Field | Schema | Description | Subscription |
|---|---|---|---|
| NAME | string | Description of the purpose | read |
| OBJECT_ID | int32 | Unique identifier for the purpose | read |
| Field | Schema | Description | Subscription |
|---|---|---|---|
| OBJECT_ID | int32 | Unique identifier for the zone | read |
| URBAN_LOCATION_STRING | string | The urban location of the zone, such as rural or city center | read |
| URBANIZATION_DEGREE | string | The urbanization degree of the zone, such as not urban or highly urban | read |
| Field | Schema | Description | Subscription |
|---|---|---|---|
| FEATURE_TYPE | string | Description of the feature, pointing to the OBJECT_ID in the demand_generation_factors collection |
read |
| FEATURE_VALUE | double | The value for that specific feature | read |
| OBJECT_ID | int32 | Unique identifier of the zone feature | read |
| ZONE_ID | int32 | The zone of the feature, pointing to the OBJECT_ID in the traf_zones collection |
read |
Data requirements
The calculation model requires the following data:
| Dataset | Description | Common source | Importance |
|---|---|---|---|
| Production and attraction factors | The number of trips produced and attracted by each zone feature such as houses, jobs and amenities. | Conventional traffic model such as Visum, OmniTRANS or Emme. | Required |
Methodology
The trip generation model calculates, for every zone, how many trips are produced by and attracted to that zone, per population group and travel purpose. It does this by combining the zone_features with the production and attraction factors as defined per feature type.
Each feature type has a minimum and a maximum production and attraction factor. The scenarioType parameter determines which of these is used in the calculation.
For every zone \( i \), the model sums the contribution of each zone feature present in that zone, weighted by its selected production factor:
Attraction is calculated analogously:
where:
- \( P_i \) is the total production of zone \( i \)
- \( A_i \) is the total attraction of zone \( i \)
- \( F_i \) is the set of feature types present in zone \( i \)
- \( v_{f,i} \) is the value (amount) of feature \( f \) in zone \( i \)
- \( \alpha_f \) is the production factor for feature \( f \)
- \( \beta_f \) is the attraction factor for feature \( f \)